Midwifery test

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FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

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Born: May 12, 1820 Florence, Italy Died: August 13, 1910 London, England English nurse The English nurse Florence Nightingale was the founder of modern nursing and made outstanding contributions to the knowledge and improvement of public health. EARLY YEARS AND STUDY  Florence Nightingale was born in Florence, Italy, on May 12, 1820; she was named after the city of her birth. Her father, William E. Nightingale , was a wealthy landowner who had inherited an estate in Derbyshire, England. Like many members of the wealthy class, he and Florence's mother, Fanny , dedicated themselves to the pursuit of active social lives. Florence and her sister, Parthenope , were tutored by their father in languages, mathematics, and history. Though Florence was tempted by the idea of a brilliant social life and marriage, she also wanted to achieve independence, importance in some field of activity, and obedience to God through service to society. In 1844 Nightingale decided that she want
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PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE (PID)

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Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infectious and inflammatory disorder of the upper female genital tract, including the uterus, fallopian tubes, and adjacent pelvic structures. Infection and inflammation may spread to the abdomen, including perihepatic structures. The classic high-risk patient is a menstruating woman younger than 25 years who has multiple sex partners, does not use contraception, and lives in an area with a high prevalence of sexually transmitted disease (STD). PID is initiated by infection that ascends from the vagina and cervix into the upper genital tract. Chlamydia trachomatis is the predominant sexually transmitted organism associated with PID. Of all acute PID cases, less than 50% test positive for the sexually transmitted organisms such as Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhea. Other organisms implicated in the pathogenesis of PID include, Gardnerella vaginalis (which causes bacterial vaginosis (BV), Haemophilus influenzae, and anaerobe
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DEPRESSION

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DEPRESSION Depression is a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest. Depression is an affective disorder characterized by a psychomotor retardation. It can also be called major depressive disorder or clinical depression. It affects how you feel, think and behave and it can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems. AETIOLOGY 1. Heredity 2. Biochemical change in the body 3. Physical conditions e.g. infection and certain drugs like steroids and reserpine. 4. Hormonal imbalance 5. Psychological factors such as bereavement, pressure at work, home or maternal deprivation. CLASSIFICATION OF DEPRESSION 1. Exogenous depression 2. Endogenous depression 3. Depression phase of bipolar affective disorder 4. Puerperal depression 5. Unipolar depression CLINICAL MANIFESTATION 1. Feeling of sadness 2. Tearfulness 3. Tearfulness 4. Hopelessness 5. Angry outburst 6. Irritability or frustration 7. Loss of
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