SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (SLE)

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SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (SLE)
SLE is a chronic inflammatory immune disorder affecting the skin and other body organs. Antibodies to DNA and RNA cause an autoimmune inflammatory response, resulting in swelling and pain. It is most common in young women, and has a strong genetic factor. The etiology is not known.

PROGNOSIS
Prognosis is good but is consistent with many remissions and exacerbations. Most patients do quite well on a course of medications, but some progress rapidly with severe organ involvement and subsequently, death. Certain medications may produce lupus-like symptoms in patients. Are view of medications is indicated before a diagnosis is made.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• Butterfly rash on face due to deposition of immunoglobulin and complement in the skin.
• Fatigue may be due to anemia
• Anemia due to inflammation
• Fever, malaise
• Joint pain

INTERPRETING TEST RESULTS
• Positive antinuclear antibody test—antibodies are present in the blood.
• Positive rheumatoid factor.




TREATMENT
Treatment of SLE is supportive. The drugs used should match the stage the patient is in at the time. Treatment of systemic signs is dependent on the organ system involved.
• Administer NSAIDs to decrease the inflammation and give analgesic effects:
• Ibuprofen
• Flurbiprofen
• Indomethacin
• Sulindac
• Naproxen
• Diclofenac
• Antimalarials
• Administer immunosuppressants in patients who are unresponsive to corticosteroids:
• Azathioprine
• Cyclophosphamide
• Administer analgesic:
• NSAIDs
• Aspirin
• Acetaminophen
• Tramadol

NURSING DIAGNOSES
• Impaired mobility
• Disturbed body image
• Ineffective protection
• Chronic pain

NURSING INTERVENTION
• Avoid sunlight.
• Cover butterfly rash with cosmetics.
• Reduce stress.
• Monitor for infections.
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