KAPOSI’S SARCOMA (KS)
KAPOSI’S SARCOMA (KS)
Overgrowth
of blood vessels that leads to malignant tumors and cancer of lymphatic tissue
and skin commonly found in patients with AIDS. Usually seen in cases of
advanced AIDS.
PROGNOSIS
Kaposi’s
sarcoma is often associated with AIDS. The treatment of AIDS with
antiretrovirals usually helps the symptoms of KS.
SIGNS
AND SYMPTOMS
•
Red, brown, and purple lesions on the buccal mucosa, lips, gums, tongue, and
palates because it is a malignancy affecting the skin and mucosa.
•
Difficulty breathing (dyspnea) if the malignancy invades the pulmonary system.
INTERPRETING
TEST RESULTS
•
Biopsy to look for the HIV virus, and B-lymphocytes.
•
CT scan to determine metastasis of the lesion to ascertain the severity of the disease.
TREATMENT
The
treatment for KS is often specific for the individual lesion, using radiation.
Treatment
for AIDS will also ameliorate, to some degree, the effects of AIDS.
•
Radiation in the affected tissue to shrink and treat tumors. Laser surgery may be
utilized to remove some lesions.
•
Administer antiemetic medication to counter effects of chemotherapy and radiation:
•
Trimethobenzamide
•
Administer chemotherapy medication to slow or halt the disease:
•
Doxorubicin
•
Etoposide
•
Vinblastine
•
Vincristine
NURSING
DIAGNOSES
•
Disturbed body image
•
Ineffective protection
•
Risk for infection
NURSING
INTERVENTION
•
Monitor skin for lesions to determine new lesions and/or metastasis.
•
Daily weighing to determine changes in weight from baseline.
•
Explain to the patient:
•
The need for dietary changes, such as a high-protein, high-calorie diet.
•
How to conserve energy.
•
Hospice care.
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